ICaralluma

I-Caralluma luhlobo lwezityalo ezinamanzi ezinokukhula lula ebhodweni. Xa zikhule ngokupheleleyo, zifikelela kuphela kubude obuphezulu obuziisentimitha ezingamashumi alithoba. Ngaphezu koko, nangona iintyatyambo zazo zincinci, zinexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu lokuhombisa.

Ukugcinwa kwendlu kulula kakhulu ; eneneni, kulula kakhulu ukuba ungayigcina endlwini, nto leyo ecetyiswayo ukuba indawo okuyo inobusika obubandayo.

Yintoni iCaralluma?

Olu luhlobo lwesityalo esingengo-cactus esikhula kakhulu eAfrika, nangona sikwafumaneka eYurophu, eAsia naseArabia. Sineziqu ezithambileyo, eziluhlaza okanye eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezifikelela kubude obuncinci beesentimitha ezili-10 kunye nobuninzi beesentimitha ezingama-90 . Sisenokuba namagqabi, kodwa mancinci kakhulu, phakathi kweesentimitha eziyi-0,1 kunye ne-0,5, ngoko ke akumangalisi ukuba angabonakali, kuba angamaxolo nje.

Ngokubhekisele kwiintyatyambo, zilula, zimfusa okanye lilac emnyama ngombala, kwaye ziqokelelwe kwii-inflorescence ezihluma ngaphezulu kwesiqu. Ezi zezinye iintlobo zinevumba elibi.

Zeziphi ezona ndidi zilinywayo?

Uhlobo luqukethe malunga ne-120 yeentlobo, kodwa inyani yile, zintlanu kuphela ezithandwayo:

ICaralluma burchardii

Yaziwa ngokuba yi-wolf prickly pear kwaye ifumaneka kakhulu kwiCanary Islands. Ifikelela kubude obuyi-50-60 centimeters, kwaye ineentyatyambo ezimfusa-mdaka ezigqunywe ziinwele ezimhlophe.

ICaralluma europaea

Yaziwa ngokuba yi-mountain prickly pear okanye i-wolf's prickly pear, yi-succulent plant evela eSpain (eMurcia naseAlmería), eMntla Afrika, nakumazantsi eSicily. Ineziqu eziluhlaza ezithambileyo ezikhula zibe malunga neesentimitha ezingama-30 ubude, kunye neentyatyambo ezibomvu ezinevumba elimnandi elitsala iimpukane.

ICaralluma fimbriata

Sisityalo esivela eIndiya esifikelela kubude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-60. Iintyatyambo zaso zibomvu zinemigca emthubi . Sikwasisityalo esityiwayo. Sisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umzimba, njengoko kukholelwa ukuba "sikhohlisa" ingqondo ukuba icinge ukuba sigcwele, kodwa akukho phando lwesayensi oluxhasa eli bango.

ICaralluma hesperidium

I-caraluma sisityalo esivela eMorocco esifikelela kubude obuziisentimitha ezingama-20. Ivelisa iziqu eziluhlaza ezinamabala abomvu/amdaka, kunye neentyatyambo ezithambileyo, ezimdaka ngebala ezinombala otyheli embindini.

ICaralluma speciosa

Sisityalo esikhula eAfrika, senza amaqhuqhuva anokudlula imitha enye ububanzi. Sifikelela kubude obuziisentimitha ezingama-90 kwaye sineentyatyambo ezimfusa kunye nombindi otyheli-orenji, ezenza i-inflorescence malunga neesentimitha ezisi-8 ububanzi.

Uzikhathalela njani?

I-Carallumas zincinci zincinci, ezinokuthi zibe kwiimbiza, nokuba zodwa okanye kunye nezinye iisucculents ezincinci. Kutheni ke ungenazo ezinye iikopi? Emva koko siza kuchaza indlela yokubanyamekela:

Ubicación

Ezi zityalo zifuna ukukhanya, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uzibeke ngaphandle okanye kwigumbi elikhanyayo kakhulu . Ukuba uzigcina ngaphakathi, kuphephe ukuzibeka kufutshane nefestile, kuba oku kuya kudala isiphumo sokukhulisa kwaye kubangele ukuba zitshise.

Umhlaba okanye i-substrate

• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: kubalulekile ukuba i-substrate esiyibeka kwi-carallumas ilula, iphosa, kwaye ikumgangatho olungileyo. Zizityalo ezineengcambu ezikhawulezayo ukubola xa umhlaba ubumbene kwaye unzima. Ngesi sizathu, ukunqanda oku sicebisa ukwenza lo mxube, umzekelo: i-peat emnyama ene-perlite kwiindawo ezilinganayo. Olunye ukhetho kukubeka umhlaba wecacti kunye nee-succulents (ziyathengiswa Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo).
• Umhlaba: ngendlela efanayo, ukuba sizakubatyala kumhlaba wegadi, kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba ungakhukuliseki xa sinkcenkceshela, okanye ubuncinci ukuba ufunxe amanzi ngokukhawuleza. Ngoku, njengoko abalinganiswa bethu abaphambili bezizityalo ezincinane, nokuba sinomgangatho omgangatho ophantsi sinokwenza umngxuma we-50 x 50 cm, sigubungele amacala aso ngaphandle kwesiseko esinemingxuma yokufiphaza okanye ilaphu elichasene neRhizome, emva koko uligcwalise kuqala ngomaleko. malunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 zodongwe lwentaba-mlilo okanye ilitye lodongwe (liyathengiswa Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo), emva koko ngomxube we-peat emnyama ene-50% ye-perlite.

Unkcenkceshelo

Nkcenkceshela xa umhlaba womile . Ngokwesiqhelo, nkcenkceshela kabini ngeveki ngexesha lasehlotyeni ukuba akunamvula, kwaye kube kanye ngeveki unyaka wonke. Nangona kunjalo, xa unkcenkceshela, kuphephe ukumanzisa iziqu; eneneni, oku kufanele kwenziwe kuphela xa zingekho elangeni ngqo, kwaye kuphela xa umswakama ongqongileyo uphantsi.

Nanini na apho kufanelekileyo, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi emvula acocekileyo, nangona ingengithi sonke angawafumana, lawo alungele ukusetyenziswa ngabantu aya kwenza.

Umbhalisi

Entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ungayifaka isichumiso esikhethekileyo sezityalo ezinamagqabi athambileyo ( Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo. ezithengiswayo ), ulandela imiyalelo yokusebenzisa efumaneka kwiphakheji yemveliso.

Ukuphindaphinda

Izityalo zeCaralluma zisasazwa ngokusika isiqu entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni . Ukuze wenze oku, sika iqhekeza elisezantsi uze ulityale ebhodweni elizaliswe ngumxube wembiza emnandi. Libeke emthunzini ongaphelelanga uze ulinkcenkceshele nanini na xa umhlaba ubonakala womile. Emva koko liya kukhula iingcambu zalo kwiiveki ezimbini.

Enye indlela kukutyala imbewu entwasahlobo , umzekelo kwimbiza enomxube wokuqalisa imbewu. Zibeke phezu komxube wokubhaka, oza kube uwunkcenkceshele kwangaphambili, uze uzigqume ngomhlaba omncinci. Ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, ziya kuhluma kwiintsuku ezi-5-10.

Izinambuzane

Zisengozini yokuhlaselwa ziinkumba kunye neencukuthu . Njengoko zizityalo ezinamanzi, ezi zilwanyana ziyazithanda, ngoko ke izinto zokugxotha izityalo (ezifana [Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo] ) kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngexesha lemvula. Ngokufanayo, ii-mealybugs zingazihlasela ehlotyeni , kodwa ezi zisuswa lula ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous (ofumanekayo [Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo] ) okanye ngokucoca isityalo ngesepha namanzi.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Ziyasabela kwiqhwa . I-C. europaea inokumelana namaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi -1ºC, kodwa akufuneki zigcinwe ngaphandle ukuba ubusika bubanda, kuba azinakusinda.

Ucinga ntoni ngeCaralluma?